India China Border Skirmishes

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To Counter Pakista's Nasr SRBM India Successfully Test Fires Prithvi-II Tactical SRBM (with video)

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Prithvi-I was a short-range class surface-to-surface ballistic missile with a maximum warhead capacity of 1,000 kg, ranges 150 km. It's CEP is 10-50 metres and can be launched from Transporter erector launchers. This class of Prithvi missile was inducted into the Indian Army in 1994.

Prithvi-II is also a single stage liquid-fuelled SRBM having a maximum warhead mounting capability of 500 kg, but it's range extended to 250 kilometres. It was developed with the Indian Air Force being the primary user. It was first test-fired on January 27, 1996 and the development stages were completed in 2004. This variant has been inducted in to the Army as well. In a recent test, the Missile tested with an extended range of 350 kilometres and improved Aided Inertial Navigation system. 

After a failed test on 24 September 2010 two more missiles were launched on December 22, 2010 which proved to be partially successful. A test firing on 9 June 2011 at the Interim Test Range in Chandipur was successful with the missile reaching an accuracy of better than 10 meters.

Prithvi-III (codenamed Dhanush meaning Bow) is a two-stage ship-to-surface missile. The first stage is solid fuelled with a 16 metric ton force (157 kN) thrust motor. The second stage is liquid fuelled. The missile can carry a 1,000 kg warhead to a distance of 350 km and a 500 kg warhead to a distance of 600 kilometres and a 250 kilogram warhead up to a distance of 750 kilometres. Dhanush is a system consisting of a stabilization platform (Bow) and the Missile (Arrow). 

Supposedly it is a customised version of the Prithvi and that the additional customizations in missile configuration is to certify it for sea worthiness. Dhanush has to be launched from a hydraulically stabilized launch pad. Its low range acts against it and thus it is seen a weapons either to be used to destroy an aircraft carrier or an enemy port. The missile has been tested from the surface ships many times.

Prithvi III was first tested in 2000 from INS Subhadra, 

a Sukanya class patrol craft. The missile was launched from an updated, reinforced helicopter deck of the vessel. The first flight test of the 250 km variant was 

only partially successful. The full operational testing was completed in 2004. The following year in December an enhanced 350 km version of the missile was tested from the INS Rajput and successfully hit a land based target. The missile was again successfully tested-fired from INS Subhadra anchored about 35 km offshore from the Integrated Test Range at Chandipur on December 13, 2009. It was the sixth test of the missile. Up to now this missile has not been deployed largely for logistical deficiencies. 

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Indian Supersonic Interceptor Missile Test Successful | Wheeler Island on May 15, 2016

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India, In its effort to have a full fledged multi-layer Ballistic Missile Defence system, on Sunday successfully test-fired its supersonic interceptor missile, capable of destroying any incoming hostile ballistic missile, from a integrated test range Wheeler Island, off Odisha coast. This project still in developmental phases and the test named "AAD-06".

"The test conducted to validate various parameters of the interceptor in flight mode has been successful," DRDO sources said.

Interceptor missiles are designed to take over and collide with the incoming Ballistic Missiles of hostile power through ballistic trajectory, and ultimately explode up in the atmosphere before reaching its intended targets.

Pakistan, the arch rival of India, paid grave concerns over the test. And vows to take this issue in the global forums.

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Two Foe Forces, Indian and Chinese Troops to Hold Exercise First Ever

Troops from India and China will for the first time meet in a joint military exercise on the heavily manned, disputed border that has been the reason for several armed face-offs and a major war between the two neighbours. In a move aimed at building confidence among soldiers from both sides that patrol the Line of Actual Control (LAC), local garrisons will take part in a tactical exercise that would be focused on cooperation in disaster management. While the scope of the exercise is limited, this is the first time that troops which frequently track each other on patrols along the disputed border and even physically block attempts of transgression will meet for a military drill.

Senior army officials told ET that the joint exercise is expected to begin within a few weeks and the first of the series will take place on the Chinese-controlled side of LAC. Such tactical exercises are expected to become a regular feature with the next one taking place on the Indian side of LAC. The location for the first such exercise is also steeped in the disputed history of the border with Chushul being chosen for the engagement.The Chushul area saw some of the fiercest engagements of the 1962 border war and was one of the few places where Indian troops managed to thwart the Chinese push.

"The first engagement will be on disaster relief and is aimed at building confidence. Local commanders will exchange notes and the first exercise will be followed by one on the Indian side. The modalities and the date for the exercise are being finalised," a senior official told ET. Besides a small number of troops on the ground, the engagement would consist of a table-top exercise in which commanders from both sides would jointly plan operations.

Indian Last of All Nishant Drones Crashed

The Nishant was supposed to be the Indian Army’s premier, domestically-produced surveillance drone. But now it can’t be because all of them, every single one, crashed.

A Nishant Drone while flying.

The product of a development program dating to 1995 from India’s state-owned Defense Research and Development Organization, the Nishant was meant to be a medium-altitude drone in a similar class to the Israeli Heron, which India also operates.

The difference being that India would produce the Nishant itself, freeing the country from its dependence on foreign unmanned vehicles, just as China and Pakistan race ahead producing drones of their own.

During its brief lifespan, the catapult-launched Nishant could stay in the air for four-and-a-half hours. The drone carried no weapons. Returning to base, the Nishant would not land like an airplane, but deploy a parachute and float to earth.

It could not carry weapons, as it functioned strictly in a reconnaissance role — spotting for artillery, snooping on enemy troops and hoovering up electronic and signal information from the battlefield. Or at least, that was the plan.

Had Nishant worked out, the Indian Army would have bought a total of twelve and sent them to disputed Kashmir region and to track Maoist rebels in India’s interior.

But it was not to be. The four prototype Nishants entered service in 2011, and then started falling — not floating — out of the sky. The first two went down near the Pakistani border in April 2015. The third Nishant crashed in Rajasthan in early November.

There was only one left … and that crashed on Nov. 19.

Nishant drones, one of them crashed with what appears to be an undeployed parachute. Photos via Indian defense forums
The cause of the last crash appeared to be a parachute which failed to properly deploy.

“In the past DRDO has blamed poor handling by the Army for the loss of at least two systems,” the Economic Times reported. “However, the Army has contended that the system has failed to perform and has technical problemsduring the recovery phase that have not been sorted out.”

To the Army’s credit, it already operates dozens of Israeli drones with no apparent troubles. Retired Lt. Gen. P.C. Katoch, who led the Indian Army’s information systems directorate, blasted the DRDO for a “gross lack of accountability,” producing “schoolboy level” inventions and then bragging about its accomplishments with “false propaganda.”

“For their part, the DRDO in its usual manner has blamed the user for poor handling of the system, a point categorically denied by the Army,” Katoch wrote at SP’s Aviation magazine. “The irony is that this game has been [going] on for decades with no one held accountable in the DRDO.”

“The irony here is that while this monolith of DRDO cannot produce a worthwhile drone in 20 years, Pakistan has already developed and deployed its own armed drone.” Kaotch was referring to the Burraq drone, which Islamabad developed from the Chinese CH-3.

Nishant, however, is dead. With no more left and an obvious lack of faith in the drone, the Indian Army canceled the project for good.

Source: http://defence.pk/threads/every-one-of-india%E2%80%99s-nishant-drones-has-crashed.412783/#ixzz3uOIJs0GF

India’s Light Combat Helicopter Set to Achieve Final IOC

The indigenously designed and built Light Combat Helicopter (LCH) is all set to achieve final clearance anytime this month. Following that, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) will start serial production of the attack choppers. The 5.8 tonne multirole attack chopper is intended to play a major role in providing close air support to ground forces and is the only attack helicopter in the world that can operate at heights of 12,000 feet.

“Having completed all performance trails, final clearance is expected anytime soon from the Center for Military Airworthiness & Certification (CEMILAC) in Bangalore. After that we will integrate weapons and finalize configuration as per the requirements of the end users — the Army and Air Force,” a senior HAL official told The Hindu.

HAL already has a firm order for 65 from the Air Force and 114 from the Army. This number is expected to go up given the army’s plan to have attack helicopters embedded in all formations for close air support.

HAL officials explained that unlike fixed wing aircraft which need Initial Operational Clearance (IOC) and Final Operational Clearance (FOC), helicopters usually get a final clearance. The government had earlier informed Parliament that production plans for LCH have been made from 2017-18.

Light Utility Helicopter

HAL is scheduled to conduct the maiden flight of the under development Light Utility Helicopter (LUH) in December coinciding with the 75 year celebrations of the company.

“Efforts are on to have the first flight in December,” one defence official said. The 3.1 tonne single engine helicopter is powered by the Shakti engine which powers the Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH) as well as the LCH and is intended to replace the aging Cheetahs and Chetaks with the three services.

As per plan, HAL intends to build four prototypes by 2017 and start production by 2018. The Army and Air Force together have committed to purchase 187 LUHs.

While LCA Tejas failing did LCH would be an indigenous success story from HAL?

Hindustan Aeronautics has carried out hot-and-high flight testing with its Light Combat Helicopter (LCH).

The work took place recently from the northern Indian city of Leh, and saw the helicopter conducting flights at elevations ranging from 3200-4800m, says Hindustan Aeronautics (HAL).

Tests saw the aircraft operating “under extreme weather conditions at different altitudes.”

The aircraft involved was the third LCH prototype, designated TD-3, and temperatures experienced during the tests ranged from 13-27C. During the trials the helicopter was configured with a electro optical pod, rocket launchers, its 20mm cannon turret, and air-to-air missile launchers.

HAL adds that the LCH was able to take off and land at high altitudes carrying “reasonable amounts of weapons and fuel.”

Given India’s diverse geography, the LCH has been tested in a number of environments, including high-altitude cold weather conditions, sea level tropical conditions, and hot and dry conditions.

HAL expects to produce 179 examples for the Indian military, but the programme has suffered from delays.

With a maximum take-off weight of 5.8t, the LCH is a development of HAL's Dhruv advanced light helicopter. France's Turbomeca helped develop the helicopter's twin Shakti engines.
Key features include low observable characteristics, a glass cockpit, armour protection, crashworthiness and the ability to operate at night. Mission systems include a helmet-mounted sight, electronic warfare system, directional infrared countermeasure/laser transmitter, a datalink and an infrared suppressor.

According to HAL, the helicopter will be able to carry missiles for a variety of missions, including air-to-air, air-to-surface, and anti-radiation.

Is India's Main Battle Tank Finally Doomed?

Last week, the Indian Army released a global request for information (RFI) inviting responses by 31 July to develop a multi-purpose Future Ready Combat Vehicle (FRCV) in order to replace older license-built Soviet-era main-battle tanks (MBTs).

“The Indian Army is planning to design and develop a new generation, state-of-the-art combat vehicle platform for populating its armored fighting vehicle fleet in the coming decade. This vehicle, which will be called the future ready combat vehicle (FRCV), will form the base platform for the main battle tank which is planned to replace the existing T-72 tanks in the Armored Corps,” the RFI reads.

The Indian military envisions the FRCV system as a platform for as many as 11 different tracked vehicles, including light tracked, wheeled, bridge layer and trawl tanks, self-propelled howitzers (SPH), air defense guns, artillery observation post and engineering reconnaissance vehicles, and armored ambulances.

Additionally, the RFI notes that the FRCV “should be in the ‘Medium Tank’ category” and should “match contemporary MBTs in engagement ranges, all weather day/night fighting capability, depth of penetration and variety of ammunition.” The Indian Army wants the new FRCV ready for induction by 2025-27 – a deadline that almost certainly will have to be extended given India’s defense procurement track record.

Consequently, in the meantime, India will do well to continue upgrade its 1900 strong T-72 MBT force. New Delhi has so far failed to successfully mass-produce an indigenously developed modern main battle tank.

The recent RFI could also very well ring the final death-knell for India’s indigenously developed third generation Arjun MK-I main battle tank – a poorly designed vehicle (e.g., too much heavy armor versus too little horsepower) that encountered repeated delays due to a flawed procurement and testing process. Almost eighty percent of the 124-strong Arjun MK-I tank force is currently grounded due to more than 90 technical issues.

India has been working on an improved version of the Arjun, the MK-II, which has done very well in comparative trials with license-built Russian tanks such as the T-90M. It displays more than 93 improvements over the older version and contains 60 percent locally manufactured components. However, a decision to indigenously develop a new anti-tank missile to be fitted onto the MK-II will, in all likelihood, delay the induction of the upgraded platform.

449 Professional Soldiers in Indian Army Committed Suicide in Three Years

There have been at least 449 suicides in the armed forces since 2011, Indian Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar told parliament. 

 

Due to strict environment, professional and domestic problems as many as 449 incidents of suicides have been reported in Indian Army.

 

In a written reply to Lok Sabha – India’s parliament – the minister said the reasons behind suicide includes occupational hazards and family problems.

“Reasons for such incidents include occupational hazards – long tenures of continuous deployment, family issues, domestic problems, martial discord, perceived grievances, personal issues, mental built, financial problems and inability to withstand stress,” Parrikar said.

The highest number were reported from the army, where since 2011, 362 men committed suicide. There were also 10 incidents of fraticide, where a soldier killed his colleague.

In the air force, there were 76 suicides in the same period, and one fraticide, while the navy did not report any fraticides, and had the lowest number of suicides at 11.

India Must Prepare For A Two-front War: NSA Ajit Doval

India has to be prepared for a two-front war and build deterrence that ensures conflict is not an option for its adversaries, said National Security Advisor (NSA) Ajit Doval, while speaking on future threats at the Hindustan Times Leadership summit on Saturday afternoon.

 

Indian Armys' Female Members.

“India has two neighbours, both nuclear powers (which) shave a strategic relationship and a shared adversarial view of India,” the NSA said. He also confirmed that the government had received reports of Chinese personnel working in Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (PoK) to build infrastructure and New Delhi had already expressed concern to Beijing and Islamabad.

Taking a cue from former foreign secretary Kanwal Sibal, who was chairing the talk, Doval expressed concern at Pakistan’s continued use of terrorism as a part of its foreign policy. “Pakistan’s inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) can bleed India but it cannot “degrade a strong civilisational nation like us,” he said.

However, the NSA expressed optimism that India has been able to engage both countries and “economic inter-dependence” can prove to a frame work to build peace in South Asia.

But clearly the NSA was keen to reinforce Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s plans for a new economic paradigm. “Economic development is the best way to ensure security and a 9% growth will make us totally secure,” Doval said. According to the NSA “a strong economy is the surest means of protecting the country and creates vested interests which will ensure India’s protection.”

Echoing Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s call ‘Make In India’ Doval stressed on the need to put manufacturing on India’s highest priority. “We have a strong decisive government, considerable clout in the international arena and world calls human resources.

Doval, a former Director, Intelligence Bureau, and a much decorated intelligence office also provided context for Prime Minister’s diplomatic whirlwind taking him to the US, Australia, Myanmar and Fiji besides engaging South Asia with vigour. “In a changing world order India is engaging powers who have conflicting views. So we engage China and Japan as well as Russia and the United States.” The reason for this sustained engagement is driven by the fact that India’s economic engagement with the rest of the world had grown from 14% to 40%.

Covering a slew of issues that has dominated India’s security concerns, the NSA also underlined the Modi government’s focus on emerging technological threats from cyberspace. “We are seized of it, we have huge experience, scientific capabilities but we have have lost out on technical issues. Root servers are in other countries, mostly in the USand even private corporations have become very powerful,” he said.

With cyber space emerging as an engine for powerful economic growth,the government will continue to keep a sharp eye on it, the NSA assured.

Shaheen-1A Missile Successfully Test-fired

Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile "Shaheen-1A" of Pakistan successfully test-fired from some undisclosed place, Some shots are here:

Can't ban Kashmir 'Million March', UK tells India

The United Kingdom government has told India that it cannot ban the planned ‘Kashmir Million March’ in London 'as it will be against the principles of free speech espoused by Britain', a news report said on Friday. 

Details have emerged that Sushma Swaraj, External Affairs Minister (EAM) of India, met British Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg last week here and raised concerns with him about the march, which will be led by former Pakistan-administered Kashmir prime minister Barrister Sultan Mahmood Chaudhary and other Kashmiri leaders.

The British PM was told that the issue of Indian-controlled Kashmir was a “matter between India and Islamabad and such a rally would be against an open society”. Swaraj told Clegg that the ‘Kashmir Million March’ doesn’t “bode well for the relationship between the two countries” but the deputy PM told her that the march cannot be stopped, The News International said.

Clegg told the Indian minister that he appreciated her concerns but the rally in London will not be banned as it will be against the principles of free speech espoused by Britain, the report said.

He told the Indian minister that Britain greatly valued its relations with India but will not go against a democratic march which is expected to bring thousands of Kashmiris to the streets of London on Sunday.

India is taking this march so seriously that Prime Minister David Cameron was also asked about the ‘Kashmir Million March’ during an interview with a leading Indian channel but the PM refused to be drawn into the controversy. Cameron, however, said that Indo-Pak ties were a “bilateral issue” and the UK “wanted to see good relations between India and Pakistan”. The PM said that the UK didn’t want to see “any incursions across the Line of Control” and “its important that India and Pakistan have those coversations”. But Syed Akbaruddin, the spokesperson of Indian Ministry of External Affairs, said that it’s “normal for open societies to have platforms where people express their opinions”.

He went on: “However, at times these platforms are misused by enemies of open societies and its for those open societies to ensure that nothing is done which is inimical to their interests.”

The Indian irritation with the march was further evident when occupied Kashmir Chief Minister Omar Abdullah said that the “Million March” should have been held in the valley rather than the “cozy capitals of the United States and United Kingdom”.

“I have no problem in these people propounding an ideology but it would be better doing it from here rather than cozy environs of London, Washington, Paris and places like that,” Omar told reporters.

The Bhartiya Janata Party (BJP) has also objected to the “Kashmir Million March” which coincides with the day when the then ruler of erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir Maharaja Hari Singh signed the Instrument of Accession of the state with India against the wishes of the Kashmiri people.

BJP Kashmiri spokespersons Sunil Sethi and Balbir Ram Rattan said that those organsing the march in London were “anti nationals and divisive forces”.

Barrister Sultan Mahmood said that India doesn’t need to panic over the march and should show grace by not trying to arm-twist the UK government. “This march is independent and being organised by the Kashmiris who want to expose the barbaric face of India before the western world. Thousands had marched against Israel in London over the Gaza bombings. More than 120,000 Kashmiris have been massacred by India and India has acted worse than Israel but its crimes have not been exposed before the civilised world. This cannot go on. India must be held accountable.”

Veteran Kashmiri campaigner Hameed Pothi said that the UK government was aware that British Kashmiris are pro-democracy and peace-loving people who have taken part in the UK politics actively. “The UK govt is very much aware of the role of British Kashmiris and will never bow before the Indian pressure. India thinks that it can use its economic clout to suppress its dark deeds but that policy has failed and we will not rest until India is fully exposed.”

http://www.kashmirdispatch.com

PLA conducts major military operation in the Tibetan Autonomous Region

The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) conducted a co-ordinated joint military operation in the Autonomous region of Tibet this week. 

 PLA Commanders on field planning.

In addition to the PLA Ground Forces, a contingent from the People’s Liberation Army Air Force (PLA-AF) also participated in the operations. The exercise was supervised by officials from the Tibetan Military District, which is a part of the Chengdu Military Region. A number of fighter jets and military helicopters belonging to the PLAAF participated, in addition to hundreds of soldiers from the Ground Forces.

With the latest military drills, the PLA has so far conducted a total of four major military operations in the Tibet region, for the last 6 months. Indian officials have expressed their concerns over many of the drills, which allegedly took place close to the disputed Indo-China border, near the Aksai Chin region. However, the Chinese military officials have claimed that the drills were routine training operations, and said that the operations were by no means directed against any of the neighbouring nations, including India. 

 

Chinese PLAAF fighters  in Tibetan plateau  China in Tibet Chinese military locations in Tibet

Last month, the PLA had conducted a successful test launch of its new Surface-to-Air Missiles (SAMs) in Tibet. Earlier the Ground Forces had conducted major anti-tank drills in the same region. Defence analysts have opined that the heightened Chinese military activity comes as a response to the Indian plans to deploy missiles along the Indo-China border. Earlier this year, the Indian defence authorities had approved a plan, to deploy the BrahMos I Block-III supersonic cruise missiles along the border between the two nations in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. 

 

Tibetan Plateau People's Liberation Army Air Force J-10 Vanguard Vigorous Dragon practicing with precision guided bomb LS-6 & four 4 SD-10 PL-12, BVRAAM PL-8, 10.

Despite the tensions surrounding the deployment of missiles and the conduction of major military exercises, local experts have noted that the relations between the two sides are warming up. In July, an Indian delegation visited several of the PLA’s military facilities in the sensitive Tibetan region, and held talks with the senior Chinese officials. The Chinese defence minister, Liang Guanglie is also likely to visit India on an official trip next month.

‘Indian spy ring’ working in Azad Kashmir busted

 Agents were allegedly providing their ‘handlers’ sensitive military information. PHOTO: FILE

 

LAHORE: Pakistani intelligence agencies have busted an Indian spying ring in Azad Jammu & Kashmir (AJK) which was being run by operatives across the Line of Control (LoC).

 

Sources told The Express Tribune that members of the ring – which included an ex-soldier and two civilians – were providing military-related sensitive information of Pakistani defences. Their data covered locations of border check-posts, number of posts, number of secret bunkers with locations, deployment and type of weapons installed at these locations to their Indian handlers named Saddique, Sharma and Ismail.

Before being apprehended, the network was responsible for espionage operations in Pakistan particularly in the Neelam Valley, AJK and other adjoining border areas. These areas were being kept under surveillance by Pakistani intelligence agencies for a considerable time to collect sufficient incriminating evidence against the spying network.

During the course of the initial interrogation, the culprits confessed to spying for the Indian intelligence agency operatives and passing on sensitive information regarding Pakistan’s Army defences including the kind of weapons and areas they were deployed in, sources revealed.

Sources said that the spies were also providing bogus information regarding Mujahideen camps and their activities to their Indian handlers in order to swindle huge amounts of cash, liquor and contraband materials.

The spies, namely Abdul Qayyum Awan, Syed Tasawar Hussain and sepoy Syed Sabir Hussain, are currently being tried in a military court for indulging in anti-state activities and for working for Indian intelligence agencies, sources claimed.

Earlier, a resident recruited by the Indian intelligence operating from the border areas of Sialkot had been busted by the Pakistani intelligence agencies as well.

Published in The Express Tribune, July 28th, 2012.

 

Source: tribune.com.pk

Pakistan’s underwater force stronger than India: Report

India currently possesses seven to eight conventional submarines only while Pakistan has five relatively new conventional submarines to set up against the enemy in addition to six more advanced vessels it aims to obtain from China, The Times Of India reported.

Agosta-90 B Submarines PNSM Khalid

The operational problems with the Indian Navy aggregated after INS Sindhurakshak sank at its berth in Mumbai Naval Dock after a series of explosions on August 14 killing 18 navy personnel.

“Extensive checks on weapon-related safety systems and audit of standard operating procedures (SOPs) on all operational submarines have been ordered,” said defense minister AK Antony.

The minister did not comment on the prevailing capabilities of india’s underwater combat. The Indian Navy is in service with 13 aging diesel-electric submarines only, 11 of which are two decades old. The long awaited submarine construction projects are now being pushed that are delayed due to the political and bureaucratic apathy.

As a result of international treaties, the only nuclear-powered submarine INS Chakra is also not armed with nuclear-tipped, says The Times Of India.

On the contrary, Pakistan Navy is the first force in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) to have submarines equipped with air-independent propulsion (AIP) in the shape of three French Agosta-90B vessels.

Indian Army Mistook Planets For Chinese Spy Drones For Six Months

India's army reportedly spent six months watching "Chinese spy drones" violating its air space, only to find out they were actually Jupiter and Venus.

Indian Army at Disputed Himalayan Borders

Tensions have been high in the disputed Himalayan border area between the two nations in recent years, with India frequently accusing its neighbour of making incursions onto its territory. Things came to a head during a stand-off in April when Chinese troops were accused of erecting a camp on the Indian side of the de facto boundary known as the Line of Actual Control (LAC). By that stage, Indian troops had already documented 329 sightings of unidentified objects over a lake in the border region, between last August and February, according to the Calcutta-based Telegraph.

It quotes military sources as saying the objects violated the LAC 155 times. So, the army called the Indian Institute of Astrophysics to identify the objects. "Our task was to determine whether these unidentified objects were celestial or terrestrial," astronomer Tushar Prabhu told the paper. Only once the objects' movements were noted in relation to the stars were they identified as planets. The Telegraph suggests the sentry ought to be forgiven, with planets appearing brighter as a result of the different atmosphere at altitude and the increased use of surveillance drones.

SU-30MKI Multi-Role Fighter